Learning Styles Don’t Exist

by Matthew K. Tabor on August 21, 2008

The current wisdom is that different students learn in different ways - some by seeing, some by doing, some by hearing, etc. If a student isn’t getting it, a teacher can [and should?] change their delivery to present material in a way more compatible with that student’s learning style.

Not only is that inefficient and ineffective, but learning doesn’t quite work that way.

Daniel T. Willingham, Professor of Psychology at the University of Virginia, has posted a short presentation on YouTube called “Learning Styles Don’t Exist” [click for video]. Willingham explains what the learning style myth is about, why we believe it, and why it doesn’t hold up.

If you can’t be bothered to click the link above or watch the video below, here’s Willingham’s parting summary:

“Good teaching is good teaching, and teachers don’t need to adjust their teaching to individual students’ learning styles.”

Sounds good to me.

UPDATE: D-Ed Reckoning takes a deeper look and has lots of good links.

{ 3 trackbacks }

Learning Styles Don’t Exist? « Where’s the Sun?
08.23.08 at 12:48 am
Let’s Use Common Sense on Learning Styles at Education for the Aughts - American School Issues and Analysis
08.25.08 at 5:08 pm
3 Facts About the Brain and Education
01.17.11 at 4:09 am

{ 15 comments… read them below or add one }

Michelle (The Beartwinsmom) 08.21.08 at 8:45 pm

Pretty thought-provoking there, Matthew. But, I’m going to play Devil’s Advocate here. What about my special ed. students who NEED the teaching adjusted for different learning needs? You could say that a dyslexic student learns best in the auditory modality. You wouldn’t give a dyslexic student a huge chapter to read on his/her own and expect him/her to understand it without support, would you?

I know… I’m mincing words here, and what this video is stating is true- good teaching is good teaching. I still believe, though, that you have to adapt to the students’ needs.

Thanks for challenging my brain. :-)

Matthew K. Tabor 08.21.08 at 8:51 pm

Michelle,

That’s a fair argument - perhaps we should make a distinction that it applies to “normal” populations and not some of those special cases. I think it’s assumed, but explicit is usually better.

If we were to suggest a physical fitness plan for all students, it wouldn’t surprise anyone that it wouldn’t fit for a physically-disabled student - let’s say a double amputee who we wouldn’t expect would run the mile. There are surely similar exceptions to the ‘no learning styles’ rule.

Good to have you back! :)

Michelle (The Beartwinsmom) 08.22.08 at 10:35 am

Thanks, my friend. I’m trying to be back by small steps.

Michelle (The Beartwinsmom) 08.22.08 at 10:37 am

P.S. Did you get the Power of Reading book yet? ;-)

Dan Willingham 08.22.08 at 4:33 pm

Michelle
Just came here to say that I agree with you & Matthew. There is no doubt in my mind that a student could have a disability that would make processing in one modality difficulty, so clearly that modality should be avoided.
Dan

Gina 08.22.08 at 7:33 pm

Dan I’m glad you clarified that. I have been following links to your posts all day. As an educator with an undergraduate background in psychology although I can appreciate your conclusion I am also wary of the repercussions for students who may not fit the mold. Specifically, I think in classrooms today what you are seeing is a higher incidence of students with multiple needs being incorporated into regular education environments. Often these needs impair the modalities of which you speak and as a result differentiating instruction and gearing lessons towards multiple modalities not only helps to accommodate these learners but also helps other unidentified learners. Good teaching is good teaching but teachers should and must adjust their instruction to meet individual learners needs especially when there is an Individualized Education Plan that requires them to do so. I hope educators don’t get your message about the learning style fallacy and forget that IDEA and 504 Plans exist for a reason.

Karen Janowski 08.22.08 at 11:01 pm

Yes, I too was alarmed by his conclusions as I work with struggling learners, many of whom are on IEPs. His final conclusion was most alarming of all because I believe it reinforces the belief of some that one size DOES in fact fit all. Those of us who work with struggling learners know that is not true. Look into Universal Design for Learning (http://cast.org/) where students (and adults) benefit from multiples methods of engagement, representation and expression.

Also, the examples of learning he includes in this video are factual, rote information only, not what most of us are promoting in our classrooms.

JTHRC 08.24.08 at 10:24 pm

Willingham’s post reminds me of the good ole days when inclusion was not part of the school day. Imagine how efficient and effective a teacher could be if he or she could present the material once and have it learned by the appropriate audience rather than 12 different ways to accommodate the learning disability du jour.

NOTE TO ASPIRING TEACHERS: Do not cite Willingham’s theories. You will never get hired.

Matthew K. Tabor 08.25.08 at 4:13 pm

Gina,

There is a difference between student “needs,” which can be identified deficiencies or other irregularities [I do not mean this in a pejorative way] that require specific attention, adjustments and interventions, and committing to multiple modalities out of a blind belief in VAK theory.

Matthew K. Tabor 08.25.08 at 4:15 pm

Karen,

Facts aren’t the worst thing in the world.

Matthew K. Tabor 08.25.08 at 4:17 pm

JTHRC,

The honesty to which a public school would have to commit to group kids so sensibly would offend 99% of those who have ever stepped foot in an education school. That other 1%? They’re mostly at charters.

Gina 08.25.08 at 8:25 pm

I can think of many things that are committed to out of a blind belief system that seems to benefit the individuals involves. I think religion is the best example of people believing in something blindly and benefiting from it whether or not it’s actually based on truth.

Also, are you supporting JTHRC’s position about the benefits of excluding children with special needs from classrooms? I hope I’m not reading it incorrectly however your statement “group kids so sensibly” seems to support it. I’m sure you must realize charter schools deal with special needs children in the classroom as well.

Matthew K. Tabor 08.25.08 at 9:12 pm

Gina,

I wouldn’t say that religion is something that any devotee follows blindly - that’s probably another discussion, though.

Depending on the needs of the child, yes, exclusion - a highly-charged, tendentious word in education - can meet everyone’s needs better. I interpreted JTHRC’s comment as one that referenced some of the less valuable inclusion practices, some so arbitrary that they aren’t even based on [and don't address] the needs set out clearly in an IEP. I may be wrong.

Andrew 10.14.08 at 1:17 pm

The point of identifying someone’s learning style is not to teach purely to it, but to identify potential weaknesses. I believe tailoring instruction exclusively to ones learning style (individualised learning) will actually hinder the learners overall ability.

Learners should strive develop skills associated with all learning style dimensions regardless of the flavour of learning style inventory used. Otherwise they may continue their education significantly disadvantaged by certain teaching modalities.

Making learners aware of their weaknesses and helping them overcome this is as important as teaching to one’s favoured instructional style.

Regardless of learning style instruction needs to be presented in a range of modalities. Learning and teaching style inventories such as the Felder Silverman model are an excellent framework to help ensure that your teaching style spans a range of diverse teaching modalities.

By varying these modalities, a learner is likely to have increased interest and attention and thus engage with the learning activities to a greater extent resulting in better learning.

This is opposed to the teacher that uses only one or two modalities, thus boring the pants of the class, students loose interest and concentration and thus do not fully engage resulting in less learning.

The problem is not that learning styles don’t exist. Its that they’re often miss understood, misused and seen as a quick fix answer for overcoming to poor or lazy instruction or teaching.

Tom 08.15.10 at 3:19 am

What does ‘students loose interest’ mean?

Leave a Comment

You can use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>